• Python
  Python remains the most popular language, thanks to its simplicity and extensive libraries for AI, data science, and automation. Its versatility makes it a favorite among beginners and professionals alike.

• Java
  Java continues to be a staple in enterprise environments, known for its portability, scalability, and robustness. It's widely used in Android app development and large-scale systems.

• JavaScript
  Essential for web development, JavaScript powers the dynamic behavior of most websites. Its ecosystem, including frameworks like React and Node.js, keeps it relevant.

• C++
  C++ has seen a resurgence due to its performance and efficiency, making it ideal for system/software development, game development, and real-time simulations.

• C#
  Developed by Microsoft, C# is prominent in game development with Unity, desktop applications, and enterprise software, offering a balance between performance and ease of use.

• TypeScript
  As a superset of JavaScript, TypeScript introduces static typing, enhancing code quality and maintainability, which is especially beneficial in large-scale applications.

• SQL
  SQL remains crucial for database management and is indispensable in data analysis and backend development. Its demand persists with the growth of data-driven applications.

• C
  The C language continues to be fundamental, especially in system programming, embedded systems, and situations where performance is critical.

• Go (Golang)
  Go, developed by Google, is appreciated for its simplicity and efficiency in concurrent programming, making it suitable for cloud services and distributed systems.

• PHP
  Despite mixed opinions, PHP remains widely used for server-side web development, powering a significant portion of websites due to its ease of deployment and integration.

Emerging and Notable Languages

• Rust
  Known for its memory safety and performance, Rust is gaining traction in system-level programming and is expected to enter the top 10 soon. ​

• Swift
  Swift continues to grow, especially in iOS and macOS development, offering modern features and safety. ​

• Mojo
  Mojo is an emerging language designed for AI development, combining Python's syntax with performance akin to C++. It's optimized for machine learning workloads.

According to the TIOBE Index, which measures the popularity of programming languages based on search engine queries, the top languages are:​